Alternation Of Generations (Plant): Definition, Life Cycle

The diploid generation of the plant life cycle always produces spores. Diploid is itself a spore producing phase of an organism. These diploid cells produce haploid spores through meiosis. Egg in the ovule is fertilized by sperm that is released by pollen grains.Select the correct statement about plant life cycles. A). Meiosis in plant life cycles is a sexual process, producing gametes. B). At some point in the life cycle of all plants, the sporophyte is dependent on its gametophyte parent. C). Over evolutionary time, the sporophyte has replaced the gametophyte in plant life cycles.The life cycle of all plants is complex because it is characterized by alternation of generations. Plants alternate between diploid sporophyte and haploid gametophyte generations, and between sexual and asexual reproduction. The ability to reproduce both sexually and asexually gives plants the flexibility to adapt to changing environmentsThe gametophyte is a stage in the life cycle that is found in all plants and certain species of algae. This process includes both multicellular diploid generation known as Sporophyte and a multicellular haploid generation known as Gametophyte. The word Diploid refers to two sets of chromosomes in the cells, and normally written as '2n'.The diploid generation of the plant life cycle always _____. such as mosses, differ from all other plants in that they _____. lack true leaves and roots. In contrast to bryophytes, in vascular plants the dominant stage of the life cycle is the _____. sporophyte. What evolutionary development allowed plants to grow tall?

biology ch. 29 homework Flashcards | Quizlet

(diploid) generation is dominant in terms of size, complexity, and longevity. 12.1 LIFE CYCLES TRANSFER GENETIC INFORMATION A basic characteristic of life is that it perpetuates itself. The process can be sexual or asexual. In asexual reproduction, each generation is genetically identical to the last.Alternation of generations (also known as metagenesis or heterogenesis) is the type of life cycle that occurs in those plants and algae in the Archaeplastida and the Heterokontophyta that have distinct haploid sexual and diploid asexual stages. In these groups, a multicellular haploid gametophyte with n chromosomes alternates with a multicellular diploid sporophyte with 2n chromosomes, made upAll plants have a characteristic life cycle that includes alternation of generations. Plants alternate between haploid and diploid generations. Alternation of generations allows for both asexual and sexual reproduction. Beginning with the diploid sporophyte, spores form from meiosis.The diploid generation of the plant life cycle always _____ A) is called the gametophyte B) produces spores C) produces eggs and sperm develops from a spore D) is larger and more conspicuous than the haploid stage

9.18: Plant Life Cycles - Biology LibreTexts

The third type of life cycle, alternation of generations, is a blend of the haploid-dominant and diploid-dominant extremes. This life cycle is found in some algae and all plants. Species with alternation of generations have both haploid and diploid multicellular stages.The moss sporophyte is rather inconspicuous, but in all other plants, the diploid sporophyte dominates the life cycle, reflecting increasing evolutionary adaptation to life on dry land. Haploid gametophytes are the most conspicuous stage in the moss life cycle— the spongy green plants we see covering moist ground or fallen logs.This alternation of generations is a life cycle that includes both diploid and haploid multicellular stages. Most of the definition is probably unfamiliar, so let's review the terms before talkingThe diploid generation of the plant life cycle always _____. produces spores 7. Which evolutionary advance gave the gymnosperms an adaptive advantage at the time they were evolving? Seed 8. Seeds have advantages over spores. For example, _____. seeds contain the young plants, an abundant food supply, and a protective covering 9.The diploid generation of the plant life cycle always _____. produces spores ( The diploid generation of the plant life cycle always produces spores.) All of the following structures may be a part of a bryophyte's life cycle except _____. megaphylls ( Megaphylls are a type of branched leaf. Bryophytes do not have true leaves.) Most bryophytes

Plants first colonized land no less than _____. A. 75 million years in the past B. 245 million years in the past C. 475 million years in the past D. 1.2 billion years ago E. forty five billion years in the past

C. 475 million years in the past

The closest algal family of land plants are _____. A. brown algae B. angiosperms C. charophyceans D. red algae E. diatoms

C. charophyceans

Most bryophytes, such as mosses, differ from all other plants in that they _____. A. do not produce vegetation B. have cones however no seeds C. have flagellated sperm D. lack vascular tissue E. produce spores

D. lack vascular tissue

The diploid generation of the moss life cycle _____. A. produces spores B. is called the gametophyte C. is always larger and extra conspicuous than the haploid level D. develops from a spore E. produces eggs and sperm

A. produces spores

The diploid sporophyte stage is dominant in the life cycle of all of the following apart from _____. A. a pine tree B. a dandelion C. a rose bush D. a fern E. a moss

In distinction to bryophytes, the dominant degree of the vascular plant life cycle is the _____. A. zygote B. sporophyte C. pollen grain D. gametophyte E. spore

B. sporophyte

When you have a look at a pine or maple tree, the plant you spot is the _____. A. haploid sporophyte B. diploid sporophyte C. haploid gametophyte D. diploid gametophyte E. polyploid gametophyte

B. diploid sporophyte

_____ provide a lot of our lumber for building and picket pulp for paper manufacturing. A. Bryophytes B. Angiosperms C. Gymnosperms D. Fungi E. Ferns

C. Gymnosperms

Which of the following diversifications was once a key to permitting conifers to be successful in numerous terrestrial habitats? A. reduction of the sporophyte B. evolution of sperm with flagella C. evolution of vascular tissues D. evolution of fruit E. evolution of pollen

E. evolution of pollen

Angiosperms are other from all different plants because most effective they have got _____. A. vascular tissue B. flora C. a life cycle that comes to alternation of generations D. seeds E. a sporophyte segment

B. plant life

The eggs of seed crops are fertilized inside ovules, and the ovules then transform _____. A. seeds B. spores C. gametophytes D. fruit E. sporophytes

What kind of vegetation provides nearly all of the meals for the human population? A. gymnosperms B. bryophytes C. algae D. angiosperms E. ferns

D. angiosperms

Which of the following is the maximum commonplace explanation why the tropical rain forests are being destroyed these days? A. so the trees can be used for lumber B. so the land can be used for agriculture C. for the introduction of massive cities D. so pharmaceutical companies can to find new medication E. for the introduction of national parks

B. so the land can be used for agriculture

Which of the following is a distinction between plants and fungi? A. Plants have diploid and haploid phases, and fungi have best haploid stages. B. Fungi have mobile walls, and plants do not. C. Fungi are heterotrophic, and crops are autotrophic. D. Plants produce spores, and fungi don't. E. Fungi are strictly asexual, and crops go through sexual replica.

C. Fungi are heterotrophic, and vegetation are autotrophic.

How do fungi reproduce? A. by rhizomes B. by way of seeds C. by means of spores D. through culmination E. by way of cloning

C. by means of spores

The closest residing relatives of the first vegetation to have gametangia are the _____. A. bryophytes B. charophyceans C. seedless vascular vegetation (pteridophytes) D. gymnosperms E. angiosperms

A. bryophytes

Which characteristic is shared by algae and seed crops? A. embryo development inside gametangia B. roots and shoots C. vascular tissue D. pollen E. chloroplasts

E. chloroplasts

Which of those used to be the dominant plant workforce at the time that dinosaurs had been the dominant animals? A. seedless vascular plants B. charophyceans C. gymnosperms D. angiosperms E. bryophytes

C. gymnosperms

_____ are an instance of seedless vascular vegetation. A. Mosses B. Lilacs C. Charophyceans D. Ferns E. Pine trees

In mosses gametes are produced by way of _____; in ferns gametes are produced by means of _____. A. binary fission ... mitosis B. meiosis ... meiosis C. meiosis ... mitosis D. mitosis ... meiosis E. mitosis ... mitosis

E. mitosis ... mitosis

In a moss, what structures produce sperm and eggs? A. fiddleheads B. spores C. gametangia D. sporophyte

C. gametangia

The conspicuous part of a fern plant is a _____. A. haploid gametophyte B. diploid gametophyte C. diploid sporophyte D. haploid sporophyte

C. diploid sporophyte

In the fern life cycle, what is formed when a sperm fertilizes an egg? A. a gametophyte B. a fiddlehead C. a zygote D. a spore E. a flower

C. a zygote

In pines, an embryo is a(n) _____. A. seed B. immature sporophyte C. meals reserve for the immature sporophyte D. immature male gametophyte E. immature female gametophyte

B. immature sporophyte

In the pine life cycle, what does the precise pine tree represent? A. haploid gametophyte B. diploid gametophyte C. diploid sporophyte D. haploid sporophyte

C. diploid sporophyte

The male gametophytes of flowering vegetation also are known as _____. A. male sporophytes B. pollen grains C. embryo sacs D. stamen

B. pollen grains

In flowering plants the overlaying of the ovule develops into a(n) _____. A. cotyledon B. fruit C. sporophyte D. seed coat

D. seed coat

A carpel consists of _____. A. ovary, ovule, and anther B. ovule, megasporocyte, and anther C. zygote and anther D. stigma, style, and ovary E. petal, sepal, and stamen

D. stigma, taste, and ovary

Pollination is the switch of pollen grains to the _____ of a flower on the similar plant or any other plant of the same species. A. stamen B. anther C. female cone D. stigma E. ovary

What proportion of the plant species discovered on Madagascar are unique to that island? A. 10 B. 20 C. 40 D. 80 E. 90

The human population of Madagascar doubles about each _____ years. A. 10 B. 25 C. 40 D. 60 E. 80

What is a lemur? A. a primate handiest discovered on Madagascar B. a toxic snake discovered most effective on Madagascar C. a type of orchid discovered best on Madagascar D. a kind of tree found simplest on Madagascar E. a sort of cuckoo discovered handiest on Madagascar

A. a primate most effective discovered on Madagascar

Much of the original wooded area duvet on Madagascar has been destroyed essentially as a result of _____. A. the construction of department stores B. air pollution from automotive emissions C. the development of tract housing D. burning for agricultural functions E. industrial activity

D. burning for agricultural purposes

What is the cause of the red colour of the waters about Madagascar? A. dinoflagellates B. a continual pink tide C. the prime concentration of iron present in these waters D. soil that has washed into the ocean E. crimson algae

D. soil that has washed into the ocean

As a gaggle, fungi are _____. A. photoautotrophs B. decomposers C. herbivores D. carnivores E. chemoautotrophs

B. decomposers

Fungi unencumber digestive enzymes into their _____. A. atmosphere B. gastrovascular cavity C. stomach D. hyphae E. mycelia

A. environment

Basidia produce spores by a process referred to as _____. A. decomposition B. mitosis C. meiosis D. hyphae E. binary fission

C. meiosis

What structures allow plants to readily take up carbon dioxide from the surroundings? A. stomata B. cuticles C. anthers D. chloroplasts E. mycorrhizae

A. stomata

Vascular tissues of plants include _____. A. xylem for undertaking water and minerals, and phloem for carrying out sugars B. xylem for accomplishing sugars, and phloem for engaging in water and minerals C. lignin for accomplishing natural molecules, and phloem for undertaking sugars D. phloem for conducting water and minerals, and lignin for engaging in sugars E. cuticles for undertaking water, and phloem for conducting sugars

A. xylem for undertaking water and minerals, and phloem for conducting sugars

Which of the following are nonvascular however have adaptations that inexperienced algae lack (comparable to a cuticle and stomata)? A. mosses B. ferns C. angiosperms D. gymnosperms E. brown algae

Land vegetation as a group most probably proportion a common ancestor with _____. A. charophyceans B. bryophytes C. mosses D. brown algae E. ferns

A. charophyceans

Small nonvascular vegetation that lack a specialized conduction device are called _____. A. fiddleheads B. gymnosperms C. bryophytes D. angiosperms E. charophyceans

C. bryophytes

The innovation very important to the survival of bryophytes on land was once _____. A. freedom from the want for water to breed B. flowers C. chlorophyll D. vascular tissue E. the retention of the embryo on the dad or mum plant

E. the retention of the embryo on the mother or father plant

Bryophytes are small as a result of _____. A. they lack vascular tissue B. they developed in cold climates C. they are living in the wilderness D. they are living in areas of restricted vitamins E. they reproduce via spores

A. they lack vascular tissue

Seedless crops include _____. A.handiest nonvascular plants B. bryophytes and ferns C. bryophytes and gymnosperms D. mosses and angiosperms E. most effective vascular crops

B. bryophytes and ferns

Mosses should not have "true leaves" because their leaflike structures lack _____. A. chlorophyll B. chloroplasts C. cellulose in their cellular partitions D. starch in their chloroplasts E. vascular tissues

E. vascular tissues

All gametophytes are _____. A. single-celled B. haploid C. diploid D. female, but now not male, reproductive buildings E. male, however not feminine, reproductive constructions

B. haploid

Which of the following produce eggs and sperm? A. the fruiting our bodies of a fungus B. fern sporophytes C. moss gametophytes D. moss spore pills E. the anthers of a flower

C. moss gametophytes

Alternation of generations _____. A. is exclusive to crops B. is composed of a diploid gametophyte degree alternating with a haploid sporophyte degree C. cycles between plant levels with an identical appearance D. is distinguished by haploid and diploid phases which are both multicellular E. happens in all sexually reproducing organisms

D. is distinguished by way of haploid and diploid stages that are both multicellular

Plants go through alternation of generations wherein _____. A. the sporophyte generation alternates with the gametophyte generation B. the vascular generation alternates with the nonvascular generation C. male crops exchange with female plants D. male gametes change with feminine gametes E. spores change with the sporophyte generation

A. the sporophyte generation alternates with the gametophyte generation

The gametophyte generation of a moss _____. A. produces spores B. grows out of the sporophyte C. is never encountered, when compared with the sporophyte D. is haploid E. has phloem however lacks xylem

D. is haploid

How are gametes produced through bryophytes? A. by mitosis of gametophyte cells B. by mitosis of spores C. by way of meiosis of spores D. by meiosis of sporophyte cells E. through meiosis of gametophyte cells

A. by way of mitosis of gametophyte cells

Ferns and mosses are mostly restricted to wet environments because _____. A. their pollen is carried by water B. they lack cuticles and stomata C. their seeds don't store much water D. they have swimming sperm E. they lack vascular tissue

D. they've swimming sperm

When you spot a green, "leafy" moss, you are looking at the _____. A. structure that effects directly from a fertilized egg B. sporophyte generation C. gametophyte generation D. spore-producing construction E. fiddlehead

C. gametophyte generation

Strolling thru the woods, you might be least likely to realize which of the following? A. a fern sporophyte B. a fern gametophyte C. a moss gametophyte D. an angiosperm sporophyte E. a gymnosperm sporophyte

B. a fern gametophyte

Fern spores are _____, and the acquainted, "leafy" fern plant itself is _____. A. haploid ... haploid B. haploid ... diploid C. diploid ... haploid D. diploid ... diploid E. polyploid ... diploid

B. haploid ... diploid

Fern gametophytes are _____. A. part of the asexual life cycle B. created from haploid gametes C. photosynthetic diploid organisms D. free-living, multicellular organisms E. found on the underside of fern leaves (fronds)

D. free-living, multicellular organisms

During the Carboniferous period, forests consisting mainly of _____ produced vast amounts of organic subject, which used to be buried and later changed into coal. A. angiosperms B. ferns and other seedless crops C. flowering plants D. gymnosperms E. fungi

B. ferns and other seedless crops

The diploid generation of the plant life cycle always _____. A. produces spores B. is known as the gametophyte C. is greater and more conspicuous than the haploid level D. develops from a spore E. produces eggs and sperm

A. produces spores

Both gymnosperms and angiosperms _____. A. have fiddleheads B. reproduce via spores C. have naked seeds D. produce fruits E. pollen, seeds, and ovules

E. pollen, seeds, and ovules

An explorer found a plant that had roots, stems, and leaves. It had no plants but produced seeds. This plant appears like a(n) _____. A. fern B. bryophyte C. angiosperm D. moss E. gymnosperm

E. gymnosperm

The male gametophyte in pine is repeatedly referred to as _____. A. the ovule B. the seed C. the fruit D. pollen E. wooden

The evolutionary advance that made possible the colonization of dry environments through seed crops is perhaps the consequence of the evolution of _____. A. ovules B. pollen C. the manufacturing of separate male and female spores D. sporophytes E. cones

In a pine, the seed develops from the _____. A. ovule B. male gametophyte C. conifer D. pollen grain E. fruit

Male floral portions include _____. A. stamens B. stigma, style, and ovary C. stamens and carpels D. stigmas and anthers E. ovaries

A. stamens

The "female" constructions of angiosperms are called _____, and so they produce _____. A. sepals ... ovules B. carpels ... ovules C. anthers ... sperm D. anthers ... pollen E. anthers ... ovules

B. carpels ... ovules

The defining reproductive adaptation of angiosperms is the _____. A. flower B. fiddlehead C. sporophyte D. gametophyte E. pollen grain

The main distinction between angiosperms and gymnosperms comes from the _____. A. presence or absence of a protecting covering over the ovule B. presence or absence of vascular buildings C. presence or absence of alternation of generations D. presence or absence of pollen E. presence or absence of leaves

A. presence or absence of a protecting masking over the ovule

Unlike most angiosperms, grasses are pollinated through wind. As a result, some pointless portions of grass plant life have virtually disappeared. Which of the following portions would you are expecting to be maximum diminished in a grass flower? A. ovaries B. petals C. anthers D. carpels E. stamens

After fertilization, the _____ develops into a seed and the _____ develops into a fruit. A. ovule ... ovary B. pollen grain ... ovule C. ovary ... ovule D. egg ... ovule E. egg ... ovary

A. ovule ... ovary

Which evolutionary advance gave the gymnosperms an adaptive benefit at the time they have been evolving? A. cuticle B. seed C. fruit D. leaf E. vascular tissue

A pea pod is formed from _____. A pea within the pod is formed from _____. A. an ovule ... a carpel B. an ovary ... an ovule C. an ovary ... a pollen grain D. an anther ... an ovule E. endosperm ...an ovary

B. an ovary ... an ovule

A fruit is a ripened _____. A. seed B. pollen grain C. bulb D. ovary E. anther

Which one of the following very best describes the serve as of end result? A. to offer protection to and disperse the seeds B. to praise pollinators C. to compete with other plants for predators D. to store food for the plant to make use of over the iciness E. to distract herbivores from consuming the leaves

A. to protect and disperse the seeds

Human survival actually depends on the produce from _____. A. angiosperms B. gymnosperms C. charophytceans D. mosses E. fungi

A. angiosperms

In contrast to vegetation, the mobile walls of fungi are composed of _____. A. DNA B. cellulose C. phospholipids D. lignin E. chitin

There is a fungus in Oregon that covers 2,2 hundred acres! The bulk of this fungus is perhaps _____. A. reproductive buildings B. spores C. pathogenic D. mycelium E. roots

D. mycelium

In fungi, the function of the mycelium is _____. A. reproduction B. protection C. acquiring food D. surviving a duration of food scarcity E. movement

C. acquiring meals

Fungi obtain vitamins thru _____. A. endocytosis B. chemosynthesis C. photosynthesis D. absorption E. exocytosis

D. absorption

There is powerful evidence to suggest that fungi _____. A. are a grouping of unrelated species B. and animals have a commonplace ancestor C. are extra closely associated with the area Bacteria than to any other kingdom D. advanced from crops E. have been once photosynthetic

B. and animals have a common ancestor

Lichens are _____. A. mutualistic associations of fungi and plant roots B. predatory fungi C. the sexual stage of fungi D. symbiotic associations of photosynthesizers and fungi E. a kind of bryophyte

D. symbiotic associations of photosynthesizers and fungi

You are mountaineering via a bathroom in northern Maine and spot what appears to be moss growing on the tamarack bushes. On closer inspection, you spot that the "moss" consists of translucent (transparent) filaments with interspersed round green cells. This moss will have to be _____. A. a relative of pineapple B. a mushroom C. a lichen D. blue-green algae E. a real moss

C. a lichen

Mutualistic associations of plant roots and fungi are referred to as ______. A) mycorrhizae B) mycelia C) pneumatophores D) mycophyta E) myrmecochores

A) mycorrhizae

The ______ helps vegetation retain water. A) hypha B) cuticle C) mycorrhiza D) skin E) lignin

B) cuticle

______ is a chemical that helps the bodily construction of terrestrial crops. A) Lignin B) Parenchyma C) RuBP D) Calcium carbonate E) Mesophyll

______ is(are) thought to be the green alga ancestor of land plants. A) Charophyceans B) Ulva C) Volvox D) Dinoflagellates E) Apicomplexans

A) Charophyceans

Plants first moved onto land a minimum of ______ years in the past. A) Sixty five million B) 475 million C) 1.2 billion D) 3.Five billion E) 4.Five billion

B) 475 million

Which of the following appropriately illustrates the sequence of the origin of modern teams of crops? A) ferns, gymnosperms, bryophytes, angiosperms B) gymnosperms, ferns, bryophytes, angiosperms C) bryophytes, ferns, gymnosperms, angiosperms D) bryophytes, ferns, angiosperms, gymnosperms E) ferns, gymnosperms, angiosperms, bryophytes

C) bryophytes, ferns, gymnosperms, angiosperms

Which of the following lack vascular tissue? A) flowering crops B) cone-bearing plants C) grasses D) ferns E) mosses

Why are bryophytes thought to be incompletely tailored to the terrestrial surroundings? A) They lack flora. B) Their embryos do not expand within gametangia. C) Their sperm are flagellated. D) The gametophyte generation is dominant. E) They lack a cuticle.

C) Their sperm are flagellated.

In ______ the gameotphyte is extra evident than the sporophyte. A) conifers B) mosses C) grasses D) ferns E) angiosperms

Gametophytes are ______; sporophytes are ______. A) male . . . feminine B) an adaptation to an aquatic existence . . . an adaptation to a terrestrial existence C) no longer an element of the angiosperm life cycle . . . an element of the angiosperm life cycle D) haploid . . . diploid E) the dominant level of the conifer life cycle . . . the much less evident stage of the conifer life cycle

D) haploid . . . diploid

Gametophytes reproduce ______. A) sexually B) by means of fission C) via alternation of generations D) by way of budding E) by way of present process the cell cycle

A) sexually

______ are seedless vascular crops. A) Ferns B) Angiosperms C) Bryophytes D) Gymnosperms E) Grasses

Why are ferns thought to be incompletely adapted to the terrestrial surroundings? A) They lack flowers. B) They lack vascular tissue. C) Their sperm are flagellated. D) The gametophyte generation is dominant. E) They lack gametangia.

C) Their sperm are flagellated.

Seedless plants have been maximum diverse all through the ______ length. A) Cretaceous B) Triassic C) Mesozoic D) Jurassic E) Carboniferous

E) Carboniferous

Of the following, which is the earliest step in the formation of fossil fuels? A) subjecting natural matter to excessive power B) fungi and micro organism converting the stays of organisms to inorganic nutrients C) removal of water from organic matter via freezing D) incomplete decomposition of organic topic E) subjecting natural topic to extreme heat

D) incomplete decomposition of natural matter

What world climatic change gave gymnosperms an advantage over ferns? A) the climate becoming hotter and wetter B) higher fluctuations in global climate C) the climate becoming cooler and wetter D) the climate changing into cooler and drier E) the climate turning into hotter and drier

D) the local weather becoming cooler and drier

During the winter, what is a bonus of having needle-shaped leaves? A) Less snow and ice will collect on any such leaf. B) There isn't any advantage to needle-shaped leaves, simply as there is not any merit to being dependent on water for fertilization. C) Such leaves have increased floor spaces for the absorption of sun radiation. D) Their form attracts particular pollinators. E) Needle-shaped leaves conserve water without the want for a thick cuticle.

A) Less snow and ice will gather on this type of leaf.

Which of these adaptations to a terrestrial lifestyles developed most just lately? A) vascular tissue B) seeds C) gametangia D) cuticle E) stomata

Pollen is a ______. A) female gametophyte B) sporophyte C) type of seed D) male gametophyte E) megaspore

D) male gametophyte

Your friend with plant allergic reactions sneezes after which says: ʺI sneezed because ______ went up my nostril.ʺ A) male gametophytes B) nectar C) seeds D) sporophytes E) mycelia

A) male gametophytes

______ were the first crops that did not require water for transferring sperm to eggs. A) Bryophytes B) Gymnosperms C) Mosses D) Ferns E) Angiosperms

B) Gymnosperms

Seeds expand from ______. A) fruit B) carpels C) anthers D) ovules E) ovaries

Why are gymnosperms ʺnaked seedʺ vegetation? A) Their seeds aren't secure. B) They don't produce seeds; they just produce spores. C) They do not produce fruit. D) Their seeds lack vascular tissue. E) Their seeds develop on the surface of sporophytes.

C) They don't produce fruit.

The portions of a flower come with all of the following EXCEPT ______. A) stamens B) sepals C) carpels D) petals E) cones

In angiosperms, the male gametophyte develops inside of ______. A) male cones B) mycelia C) stamens D) anthers E) archegonia

D) anthers

Which of the following is a component of the feminine construction of a flowering plant? A) petal B) filament C) stamen D) anther E) stigma

Where does the pollen expand in a regular flower? A) anther B) style C) stigma D) ovary E) filament

The pollen grain is to gymnosperms as the ______ is to angiosperms. A) anther B) flower C) ovule D) stamen E) pollen grain

E) pollen grain

In angiosperms, what buildings area feminine gametophytes? A) protonemata B) cones C) ovules D) hyphae E) anthers

The edible portion of a(n) ______ is a ripened ovary. A) cucumber B) potato C) radish D) carrot E) onion

A) cucumber

Biologically speaking, what's the function of fruit? A) It is where the male gametophyte develops. B) It is a mechanism for the dispersal of seeds. C) It supplies structural enhance for the plant. D) It provides vitamins to germinating seeds. E) It draws pollinators.

B) It is a mechanism for the dispersal of seeds.

Why does it make sense that many end result are inexperienced when their seeds are immature? A) Insects, which see the color green higher than mammals do, can most effective lift seeds when they are small (immature). B) All animals know that all inexperienced fruits style unhealthy. C) Green signifies much less nutritive worth. D) They are inexperienced because fruits with immature seeds are nonetheless capable of photosynthesis. E) They are more difficult to peer and thus less likely to be eaten than are different fruits.

E) They are harder to see and thus much less likely to be eaten than are different fruits.

Nearly all meals vegetation are labeled as ______. A) bryophytes B) mycorrhizae C) gymnosperms D) ferns E) angiosperms

E) angiosperms

Exploring in the tropics, you find a nonvascular plant that produces pollen. What type of plant have you ever discovered? A) an angiosperm B) a fern C) a bryophyte D) a gymnosperm E) an entirely new sort that you're going to get to call

E) a wholly new kind that you are going to get to name

At present rates of destruction, all of Earthʹs tropical forests will probably be long past within ______ years. A) 10 B) 25 C) 50 D) 100 E) 1,000

Which of the following statements is correct? A) Many plant species are going extinct. B) There are more plants than animals on the U.S. Endangered Species List. C) Humans rely on plants for food, fiber, wooden, and medicines. D) Fewer than 5,000 plant species had been tested as potential medication assets. E) All of the above statements are true.

E) All of the above statements are true.

Which nation has the biggest quantity of overall species of crops? A) Brazil B) United States C) South Africa D) Japan E) Colombia

Nutritionally, all fungi are ______. A) heterotrophs B) pathogens C) autotrophs D) chemotrophs E) parasites

A) heterotrophs

What is a hypha? A) a symbiotic association between a plant root and a fungus B) the basic structure of fungal our bodies C) a male gametophyte D) a type of spore produced via bryophytes E) a mature ovary

B) the elementary structure of fungal bodies

Like vegetation, fungi have ______; however, in crops they are composed of ______, while in fungi they're composed of ______. A) mobile partitions . . . cellulose . . . chitin B) cellular partitions . . . cellulose . . . peptidoglycan C) mobile membranes . . . phospholipids . . . peptidoglycan D) cellular membranes . . . cellulose . . . phospholipids E) cellular walls . . . phospholipids . . . cellulose

A) cell partitions . . . cellulose . . . chitin

In normal, pets reinforce the health of their human partners. What term describes the relationship between pets and people? A) commensalism B) competition C) mutualism D) parasitism E) amensalism

C) mutualism

Which of these pertains to symbiosis? A) the evolution of male gametophytes that lack flagella in order that the presence of water is no longer required for fertilization B) a human getting diarrhea when an antibiotic kills off the prokaryotes that reside in the gut C) fungi converting organic vitamins to inorganic nutrients D) developing medicinal drugs from chemical compounds extracted from plants E) thru time, humans learning that they wish to substitute trees that they harvest for lumber

B) a human getting diarrhea when an antibiotic kills off the prokaryotes that are living in the intestine

Which characteristic is shared by way of algae and seed crops? A) pollen B) cuticle C) vascular tissue D) cell partitions E) stomata

D) cellular partitions

Biodiversity hot spots are identified on the foundation of ______. A) the quantity of species provide B) the number of endemic species C) the stage to which the species are threatened with extinction D) the numbers of species present and endemic species E) all of the above

E) all of the above

Madagascar is an island in the ______ Ocean. A) North Atlantic B) South Atlantic C) Indian D) North Pacific E) South Pacific

Fungi are ______. A) photoautotrophs B) triploid C) prokaryotic D) heterotrophs E) chemoautotrophs

D) heterotrophs

54) Fungal mycelia are composed of ______. A) gills B) hyphae C) spores D) cellulose E) heterocysts